Botanic Gardens Trust, Sydney, Australia

Science




Pertusaria Group 13

Apothecia present, verruciform; ascospores 2 per ascus, smooth; on wood

photo = view photo synonyms = view synonyms

1

Xanthones present 

2

1a Xanthones absent   30

2

Lichexanthone or derivatives present 

3

2a Norlichexanthone derivatives or thiophaninic acid derivatives present  6

3

Lichexanthone and depsidones ±depsides present

4

3a  Lichexanthone and 2,2'-di-O-methylstenosporic acid present; spores 80-95 µm long; Aus   Pertusaria sp. 
3b Chlorinated lichexanthones present    20

4

Thallus isidiate 

5

4a Thallus not isidiate; with stictic acid; spores 73-106 µm long; ostioles black; China P. chinensis Müll. Arg.

5

Spores 100-112 µm long, 2'-O-methylperlatolic and stictic acids present; Aus.

P. isidiosa A.W. Archer

5a  Spores 110-190 µm long; stictic acid present; Thailand    P. allomicrostoma Jariangprasert photo 

6

Norlichexanthone derivatives [thiophanic acid, arthothelin, 6-O-methylarthothelin or 4,5,7-trichloronorlichexanthone] present 

7

6a  Thiophaninic acid and/or2-chloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone present    8

7

Thiophanic acid, 6-O-methylarthothelin and stictic acid present; spores 90-100 µm long; LHI 

 P. malabara A.W. Archer & Elix

7a  Thiophanic acid, arthothelin and 4,5,7-trichloronorlichexanthone present; spores 105-117 µm long; Aus.   P. saltuensis A.W. Archer & Elix

8

Thiophaninic acid present 

9

8a 2-Chloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone present  19

9

Thiophaninic acid only present

 10

9a Thiophaninic acid and depsidones present 11
9b Thiophaninic acid and 2'-O-methylperlatolic present; spores 87-110 µm long; S.Am.  P. cinerella Müll. Arg.

10

Spores 87-102 µm long; ostioles black, conspicuous; NZ  

P. alboatra Zahlbr.

Spores 85 µm long; black, punctiform [fide Müll. Arg.]; S. Am. P carneola Müll. Arg. P. carneola (Eschw.) Müll. Arg. synonyms
10a Spores 100-180 µm; N.Afr, Canary Is.               P. tazzekensis Werner synonyms
  Spores 96-104 µm long; ostioles yellow; Aus; JAE 43635 (CANB) Pertusaria sp.photo 

11

Thiophaninic and norstictic acids present 

12

11a Thiophaninic and stictic acids present  14

12

Thiophaninic and norstictic acids ±depsides present; spores 70-110 µm; Aus. [also 3-4 per ascus]

P. trimera (Müll. Arg.) A.W. Archer synonyms

12a  Thiophaninic and norstictic acids present   13

13

Spores 70-95 µm long; Spain 

P. luteola Boqueras

13a Spores 86-118 µm long; N.Am  P. neolecanina Lumbsch & Nash synonyms synonyms

14

Spores  80-105 µm long; Aus 

P. thiospoda C. Knight photo synonyms

14a Spores otherwise  15

15

Spores > 100 µm long 

16

15a Spores 70-110 µm long; Japan  P. subrugosa Nyl. 

16

Spores 140-145 µm long; Eur, Macaronesia 

P. ficorum Zahlbr.

  Spores 100-145 µm long; Socotra  'P. cicatricosa Müll.Arg.' photo
  Spores 145-187 µm long; Socotra  P. schizostoma Müll. Arg.
16a Spores < 100 µm or hypostictic acid present  17
17

Spores 75-82 µm long; S.Am. 

 P. montevidensis Zahlbr.
17a Thiophaninic and stictic acids with additional hypostictic acid present  18
18

Spores 87-125 µm long; S.Afr.

  P. dispersa Vain. synonyms
18 Spores 60-90 µm long; West Indies  P. antillarum Vain synonyms
18c Spores 125-150 µm long; Aus. P. epacrospora A.W. Archer photo
19(8a)

2-Chloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone and 2'-O-methylperlatolic acid present;   spores 80-100 µm; S.Am. 

 P. cinerella var. pampeana A.W. Archer & Messuti
19a  2-Chloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone and stictic acid present; spores 87-100 µm long; widely distributed     P. pustulata (Ach.) Duby photo synonyms
20(3a)

2,4- & 2,5-dichlorolichexanthones & 2,4,5-trichlorolichexanthone present 

  21
20a  4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone present    23

21

Polychlorolichexanthones only present; spores 110-130 µm; Aus.           

P. xanthonaria A.W. Archer & Elix photo
21a 2’-O-Methylperlatolic acid present; spores 75-160 µm; long; Japan  P. denotanda Nyl. 
21b Stictic acid present  22
22 Spores 100-150 µm long; thallus esorediate; pantropical?  

P. pertusella Müll. Arg. photo synonyms

22a  Spores 140-168 µm long; thallus sorediate; Thailand P. pertusella  var. sorediata Jarinagprasert
22b 2-Chlorolichexanthone, 4,5- & 2,5- dichlorolichexanthones, 2,4,5-trichlorolichexanthone,stictic and 2-O-methylperlatolic acids present; spores 80-120 µm long; PNG   P. damiensis A.W. Archer & Elix photo
23

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone only present; spores 120-155 µm long; Aus. 

 P. irregularis Müll. Arg.
23a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, norstictic acid, stictic acid ± depsides, or depsides present  24

24

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and norstictic acid present; spores 86-122 µm long; Thailand 
 [cf. saxicolous P. praetervisa var. expallescens Vain. West Indies]

P. neoknightiana Jariangprasert

With additional 2-O-methylstenosporic and 2-O-methylperlatolic acids;  spores 130-150 µm long; 53470 (M)  P. 'chiodectonoides' 
24a  4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid ± depsides or depsides present    25
25

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and depsides present 

 26
25a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and stictic acid ± depsides present 27
26 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2'-O-methylperlatolic acid present; spores 110-135 µm long; Aus, PNG, New Cal., China P. pycnothelia Nyl. synonyms
26a  Spores 105-135 µm long; ostioles translucent; Aus.  P. meeana A.W. Archer & Elix 
  Spores 105-137 µm long; ostioles black; Thailand   P. parameeana Jariangprasert  
26b  Spores 65-95 µm long; Israel    P. carmelii Reichert & Galun
27 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and 2'-O-methylperlatolic acids present; spores 137-160 µm long; Aus; WHE 8708 (CANB)  Pertusaria sp.
  Spores 65-80 µm long; Philippines  P. striolata Räsänen photo
27a  4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and stictic acid present    28
28(26a)

Spores 145-230 µm; Eur. ?widespread; also on rock 

 P. pertusa (Weigel) Tuck.
28a  Spores shorter    29
29

Spores 82-112 µm long; Aus, PNG, Sri Lanka 

 P. pseudococcodes Müll. Arg. synonyms
29a Spores 120-180 µm long; N.Am.  P. consocians Dibben
30(1a)

Lichen compounds absent 

 31
30a Lichen compounds present 34
31

Spores < 100 µm long 

 32
31a Spores > 100µm long  33
32

Spores 64-100 µm long; S.Am. 

 P. albidella Nyl.
32a Spores 50-60 µm long; S.Am.  P. cryptocarpoides Vain.
33

Spores 110-125 µm long; Aus, NZ 

 P. melaleucoides Müll. Arg. photo synonyms
33a Spores 60-120 µm long; circumboreal P. stenhammerii Hellb 
33b Spores 210-250 µm long; NZ  P. hadrospora A.W. Archer & Elix 
34 Depsides and/or depside methyl esters present  35
34a  Depsidones [fumarprotocetraric, norstictic, protocetraric, stictic acids] present   38
34b  Norstictic and divaricatic acids present; spores 75-100 µm long; China    P. subrosacea Zahlbr. photo synonyms
35 Methyl 2'-O-methylstenosporate present; spores 140-174 µm; Thailand   P. archeri Jariangprasert 
35a  Divaricatic acid and methyl 2,2'-di-O-methyldivaricatate present; spores 90-105 µm long; Taiwan   P. platycarpiza Zahlbr. photo
35b  Depsides present; depside methyl esters absent    36
36

Planaic acid present; spores 90-130 µm long; China 

 P. paraquilianensis Q.Ren & Z.T. Zhao
36a Stenosporic acid derivatives or 2'-O-methylhyperphyllinic acid present 37
37

2'-O-Methylstenosporic, 2'-O-methyldivaricatic and 2,2'-di-O-methyldivaricatic acids present; spores 165-215 µm long; N.Am 

 P. velloziae (Vain.) Erichs. synonyms
37a  2'-O-Methylhyperphyllinic acid present; spores 100-135 µm long; Japan    P. yasudae Vain. photo
38(34a)

Protocetraric or fumarprotocetraric acid present

 39
38a  Norstictic or stictic acid present    40
39.

Protocetraric acid present; spores 110-160 µm long; Aus. 

 P. wilsonii var. aphelospora A.W. Archer
 
Spores 40-70 µm long [fide Nyl.]; Japan  P. diffidens Nyl. photo
39a Fumarprotocetraric acid present; spores 105-120 µm long; Japan  P. subpustulata Nyl. photo
40

Stictic acid present 

 41
40a Norstictic acid present   42
41

Spores 80-120 µm long; ostioles translucent; Aus, Mexico  

 P. porinella Nyl. synonyms
41a Stictic and 2'-O-methylperlatolic acids present; spores 100-170 µm long; Thailand P. subcopelandii Jariangprasert
42

Norstictic acid only present 

 43
42a Norstictic acid and depsides present  44
43

Spores 200-360 µm long; Asia 

 P. oshioi Wei synonyms
43a Spores 110-140 µm long; K+ red (fide Vainio 1900) S.Am  P. pycnothelioides Vain. synonyms
43b Spores 70-157µm long; India; [+atranorin]  P. hirtella Singh & Sinha
43c Spores 130-145 µm long; Japan  P. mendax Müll. Arg. photo
43d Spores 110-195 µm long; thallus sorediate; Eur  P. servitiana Erichs. 
44

Norstictic and 2-O-methylstenosporic acids present; spores 110-137 µm long; India 

 P. wattiana Müll. Arg.
44a  Norstictic and divaricatic acids present; spores 75-100 µm long; China    P. subrosacea Zahlbr.
44b  Norstictic and perlatolic acids present    45
45

Spores 120-170 µm long; Aus 

 P. hartmannii Müll. Arg. synonyms
45a Spores 120-125 µm long; Japan, China; rarely ± perlatolic acid cf. P. mendax, supra  P. subobductans Nyl. photo synonyms

 

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