Botanic Gardens Trust, Sydney, Australia

Science




Pertusaria Group 17

Apothecia present, verruciform; ascospores 4 per ascus, smooth; on wood

photo = view photo synonyms = view synonyms

1

Xanthones present 

2

1a  Atranorin only present; spores  88-104 µm long; Thailand  P. phukaensis Jariangprasert
1b Xanthones absent  38

2

Lichexanthone or derivatives present 

3

2a Norlichexanthone derivatives present [including thiophaninic acid]  29

3

Lichexanthone present 

4

3a Chlorinated lichexanthone derivatives present  11

4

Lichexanthone only present; spores 80-120 µm long; N.Am, Central Afr. 

P. valliculata Dibben

4a Lichexanthone and stictic acid ± depsides or 2-chlorolichexanthone present  5

5

Lichexanthone and 2-chlorolichexanthone present 

6

5a Lichexanthone and stictic acid ± depsides present 7

6

With additional 2-O-methylsuperlatolic and 2-O-methylhyperlatolic acids; spores 90-115 µm long; Aus, S.Am, Cuba, PNG 

P. depressa (Fée) Müll. Arg. synonyms

6a With additional stictic acid; spores 85-120 µm long; Aus.  P. atromaculata A.W. Archer & Elix

7

Lichexanthone, constictic and stictic acids present; spores 75-130 µm long; S.Am 

 P. rhodiza Nyl.

7a Lichexanthone, stictic acid and depsides present 8

8

Confluentic acid present 

9

8a Stenosporic acid derivatives present  10

9

Spores 2-4/ascus, 80-176 µm long; Thailand 

 P. inthanonensis Jariangprasert

9a Spores 4-6-8/ascus, 87-110 µm long; S.Am. P. gracilis var. heteromera Müll. Arg.

10

2'-O-Methylstenosporic acid present; spores 90-110 µm long; Thailand

 P. elixii Jariangprasert

10a 2,2'-Di-O-methylstenosporic acid present; spores (3-)4/ascus 76-92 µm long; Thailand  P. alboaspera var. tetraspora Jariangprasert photo

11(3a)

2-Chlorolichexanthone, stictic, 2-O-methylisohyperlatolic and 2-O-methylsuperlatolic acids present; spores 105-125 µm long; Aus. 

P. follmanniana A.W. Archer & Elix

  2-Chlorolichexanthone and 2-O-methylsuperlatolic acid present; spores 100-120 µm long  P438 var. nov. 'P. follmanniana var. toonumbarensis' 
11a 4.5-Dichlorolichexanthone or 2,4,5-trichlorolichexanthone present  12

12

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone present 

13

12a 2,4,5-Trichlorolichexanthone present  26

13

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone only present; spores 75-110 µm long; ostioles inconspicuous,  pale brown, translucent; S.Am., Aus

P. platystoma Malme  photo synonyms 

13a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and depsidones and/or depsides present 14

14

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and norstictic acid present; spores 80-110 µm long; S.Am; [H-NYL 3702 pm] 

P. 'rhodiza' Nyl. synonyms

14a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and stictic acid or depsides present  15

15

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and depsides present 

16

15a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and stictic acid ± depsides present 18

16

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2,2'-di-O-methylstenosporic acid present; spores 2-3(-4)/ascus 84-142 µm long; Thailand 

P. subplanaica var. tetraspora Jariangprasert & A.W.Archer

16a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2'-O-methylstenosporic acid; spores 80-100 µm; Thailand  P. kansrii Jariangprasert
16b 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone and 4-O-demethylplanaic acid present; spores 100-156 µm long; Thailand  P. khuntanensis Jarinagprasert
16c 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and perlatolic acid derivatives present 17
17

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and planaic acid present; spores (1-)2-3/ascus 90-174 µm long; Thailand 

 P. siamensis Jariangprasert 
  4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, planaic and 2-O-methylperlatolic acids present; spores 4/ascus, 95-125 µm long; Aus  P. doradorensis Elix & A.W. Archer
 
17a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2-O-methylperlatolic acid present; spores 80-94 µm long; Aus, S.Am  P. malmeii Elix & A.W. Archer photo synonyms
Spores 64-78 µm long; Aus.  P. wilsoneana A.W. Archer & Elix photo
17b 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2'-O-methylanziaic acid present; spores 84-146 µm long; Thailand  P. phusoidaoensis Jariangprasert. photo
17c 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and 2-O-methylisohyperlatolic; spores 105-115 µm; PNG  P. streimannii Elix & A.W. Archer photo
18

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone and stictic acid only present 

  19
18a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and depsides present 21
19

Thallus isidiate; spores 90-160 µm long; Eur. 

 P. coronata (Ach.) Th.Fr. synonyms
19a Thallus not isidiate 20
20

Spores 2-3(-4)/ascus; 75-100 µm long; Tahiti; verrucae confluent

 P. hypochrysea Vain.
Spores 2-4/ascus, 51-140 µm long; pantemperate, N. hemisphere; Hawaii; verrucae flattened P. leucostoma (Bernh.) Massal. synonyms
20a Spores 60-90 µm;  Eur. long; verrucae contricted at base  P. caesioumbrina Eitner
20b Spores 150-185 µm long, (2-)4(-5) per ascus; Japan P. glauca Zahlbr.
21

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and perlatolic or stenosporic acid derivatives present

 22
21a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and 2-O-methylconfluentic acid present;  spores (3-)4/ascus, 85-125 µm long; PNG P. bogia A.W. Archer & Elix
 
21b 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and confluentic acid present; spores 75-90 µm long; India  P. cinchonae Müll. Arg.
 
22

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and perlatolic acid derivatives present 

23

22a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid  and 2'-O-methylstenosporic acid present; spores 3-4/ascus, 80-108 µm long  P. thailandica Jariangprasert
23

4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and planaic acid present; spores 82-100 µm long; S.Am.

 P. bonariensis Malme 
23a 4,5-Dichlorolichexanthone, stictic acid and 2-O-methylperlatolic or 2'-O-methylperlatolic acidpresent 24

24

Containing 2'-O-methylperlatolic acid; spores 90-150 µm long; Aus 

P. hermaka A.W. Archer

24a Containing 2-O-methylperlatolic acid 25
25

Spores (2-)4/ascus, 163-200 µm long; PNG, Philippines 

 P. copelandii Vain. 
25a Spores 4/ascus, 100-120 µm long; PNG P. laeana A.W. Archer & Elix
26(12a)

2,4,5-Trichlorolichexanthone, 2-O-methylperlatolic and stictic acids; spores (2-)3(-4)/ascus, 70-100 µm long; Aus

  P. tjaetabensis A.W. Archer & Elix
  2,4,5-Trichlorolichexanthone, 2'-O-methylperlatolic and stictic acids; spores 100-130 µm long P 360 Pertusaria sp.
26a 2,4,5-Trichlorolichexanthone and 2,5-dichlorolichexanthone present  27
27

Additional 2-O-methylperlatolic acid present; spores 70-80 µm; Aus 

 P. aquilonia A.W. Archer & Elix
27a Additional stictic acid present  28 
28

Additional confluentic acid present; spores (3-)4/ascus, 64-75 µm long; Aus 

 P. ewersii A.W. Archer & Elix photo
28a Depsides absent; spores 95-125 µm long; Sri Lanka, Java, PNG, Aus.  P. ceylonica Müll. Arg. synonyms
29(2a)

Arthothelin and derivatives present 

 30
29a Thiophaninic acid present  31
30

6-O-Methylarthothelin, arthothelin and stictic acid present; spores 117-125 µm long circumtropical?

 P. quasiae (Fée) Nyl. synonyms
30a 6-O-Methylarthothelin and arthothelin present; spores 45-62 µm long; PNG P. inconspicua A.W. Archer & Elix photo
31

Stictic or norstictic acid present, or stictic acid absent 

 32
31a Depsides or anthraquinone present 37
32

Thiophaninic and norstictic acids present 

 33
32a Stictic acid present or absent  34
33

Spores 68-110 µm long; N.Am 

 P. wulfenoides de Lesd.
33a Spores 85-120 µm long; Socotra P. socotrana Müll. Arg. 
34

Lacking stictic acid 

 35
34a With stictic acid 36
35

2'-O-Methylperlatolic acid present; spores 4/ascus, 95-120 µm long: PNG 

 P. rechingeri Zahlbr.
35a Glomelliferic acid present; spores (2-)3/ascus, 80-120 µm long; Aus  P. glomellerifica Elix & A.W. Archer photo
35b 2-O-Methylperlatolic acid or 2,2'-di-O-methylstenosporic acid or confluentic acid present; spores 70-110 µm long; ostioles black, conspicuous; Aus P. trimera (Müll. Arg.) A.W. Archer
35c Thiophaninic acid only present; spores 4/ascus, 70-80 µm; New Caledonia, Thailand    P. endochroma Müll. Arg. 
36

Spores (3-)4/ascus, 75-90 µm long; Aus, China 

 P. abberans Müll. Arg. 
36a Spores 4/ascus, 100-130 µm long; Japan P. boninensis Shibuichi
37(31a)

Unknown anthraquinone present [K+violet]; spores 4/ascus, 100-160 µm long; Japan also saxicolous 

 P. kashiwadanii Shibuichi 
37a 4-O-Methylisocryptochloropheaic acid present; spores 4/ascus, 95-125(-145) µm long  P. paradoxica A.W. Archer & Elix var. tetraspora A.W. Archer & Elix
38(1a)

Stictic or norstictic acid present 

 39
38a Stictic and norstictic acid absent  44
39

Stictic acid present 

 40
39a Norstictic acid present 43
40

Spores 100-150 µm long, walls rough;  Japan 

 P. radiata Oshio
  Spores 140-160 µm, walls smooth; West Indies P. dussii Vain. photo
40a Stictic acid and perlatolic or stenosporic acid derivatives 41
41

Perlatolic acid derivatives present 

 42
41a Methyl 2'-O-methylstenosporate present; spores 2-3/ascus 118-150 µm long; Thailand  P. methylstenosporica Jariangprasert
42

2-O-Methylperlatolic acid present; spores 2-(3-4)/ascus, 84-130 µm long; Thailand; Aus 

 P. loeiensis Jariangprasert
42a 2'-O-Methylperlatolic acid present; spores 115-150 µm long; PNG  P. novaeguineae A.W. Archer & Elix
43(39a)

Spores 85-110 µm long; Hawaii [K++red] 

 P. ruboreagens H. Magn.
43a Spores 62-85 µm; ostioles pale; S.Am P. cryptocarpa Nyl. 
Spores 65-85 µm; ostioles black; PNG P. naduriensis A.W. Archer & Elix photo
44(38a)

Lichen compounds present 

 45
44a Lichen compounds absent  50
45

2-O-Methylsuperlatolic, 2'-O-methylisohyperlatolic or protocetraric acid present 

 46
45a 2'-O-Methylperlatolic or confluentic acid present  49
46

Protocetraric acid present; spores 16-22 µm long; S.Am 

 P. huanicola Messuti & A.W. Archer
46a Perlatolic acid or its derivatives present 47
47 Perlatolic acid and fumarprotocetraric acid present; spores 90-150 µm long; Japan   P. nakamurae (Räs.) Dibben synonyms
47a Derivatives of perlatolic acid present 48
48

2-O-Methylsuperlatolic acid present; spores 3-(4)/ascus, 80-100 µm long; PNG 

 P. manamensis A.W. Archer & Elix
48a 2'-O-methylisohyperlatolic acid present; spores 65-69 µm long; Mexico  P. polystictoides Vain.

 photo

49 Confluentic acid present; spores 2-3(-4)/ascus, 72-134 µm long; Thailand  P. orientalis Jariangprasert 
49a 2'-O-Methylperlatolic acid present; spores (2-)3/ascus, 140-168 µm long; China  P. parapycnothelia Q. Ren & Z.T. Zhao
50(44a)

In S.Am; spores 80-100 µm long

 P. polita var. tetramera Müll. Arg.
50a In Australasia 51
51 In PNG; spores 90-110 µm long; ostioles inconspicuous, translucent     P. plethocarpa A.W. Archer, Elix & Streimann photo
51a In Norfolk Island; spores 95-115 µm long; ostioles black, lacking a hyaline margin P. nebulosa A.W. Archer

 

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